Incidents where HGVs collide with bridges (commonly referred to as ‘bridge strikes’), pose significant risks to public safety, disrupt transport networks, and result in substantial financial costs.
In the UK, such incidents are a persistent concern, particularly given the extensive network of low bridges and the prevalence of HGV traffic.
Having returned from a trip to Romania, I had the pleasure of being stuck in a traffic jam as a result of an HGV bridge strike and experienced first-hand the problems they cause.
Operators are required to ensure that vehicles are suitable for their intended routes and that drivers are adequately trained and informed regarding vehicle dimensions and route restrictions.
Network Rail and Highways England guidance
Network Rail and Highways England have issued specific guidance on bridge strike prevention, including the requirement for operators to plan routes that avoid low bridges and to ensure that drivers are aware of vehicle heights.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in enforcement action, including prosecution and the imposition of penalties.
Causes of bridge Strikes
The primary causes of bridge strikes by HGVs include:
- Inadequate route planning:Failure to identify low bridges on the intended route.
- Driver error:Lack of awareness of vehicle height or inattention to warning signage.
- Inaccurate vehicle height information:Incorrect or missing height markings on vehicles.
- Use of inappropriate navigation systems:Reliance on satnavs not designed for HGVs.
Preventative measures
Bridge strikes are almost always avoidable with the right systems, training, and technology in place.
Route planning
Operators must ensure that all routes are planned with reference to the height of the vehicle and the clearance of bridges along the route.
This includes the use of up-to-date mapping systems and specialist HGV navigation devices that account for vehicle dimensions.
Vehicle height marking
It is a legal requirement for the height of any vehicle over three metres to be clearly displayed in the cab.
Operators should ensure that these markings are accurate and updated whenever the vehicle configuration changes (e.g., after loading or trailer swaps).
Driver training and awareness
Comprehensive training should be provided to all drivers, covering:
- The importance of checking vehicle height before each journey.
- The interpretation of bridge height signage.
- The use of appropriate navigation aids.
- Procedures to follow if a low bridge is encountered unexpectedly.
Use of technology
Advanced telematics and route planning software can assist operators in identifying and avoiding low bridges.
Some systems provide real-time alerts to drivers when approaching restricted routes.
Incident reporting and review
Operators should have robust procedures for reporting and investigating near-misses and actual bridge strikes.
Lessons learned should be incorporated into ongoing training and route planning processes.
Consequences of bridge strikes
Bridge strikes can result in:
- Criminal prosecution for careless or dangerous driving.
- Civil liability for damage to infrastructure and third-party losses.
- Operator licensing action by the Traffic Commissioner, including potential suspension or revocation of licences.
- Reputational damage and increased insurance premiums.
Bridge strike prevention is a critical aspect of HGV operation in the UK, requiring a combination of legal compliance, effective route planning, driver training, and the use of appropriate technology.
By implementing robust preventative measures, operators can mitigate the risk of bridge strikes, ensuring the safety of the public and the integrity of the transport network.
Need help reviewing your compliance processes or investigating a bridge strike incident?
Our transport law specialists can support you with risk management, driver training policies, and representation in enforcement proceedings. Contact Jared Dunbar today for help.